家庭琐事
    01 perhaps we should lay paper over the floor while decorating the room.
    也许我们在装修房子时应该把纸铺在地上。
    语法tips
    如果状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词通常可以省略。该句的完整形式为：perhaps we should lay paper over the floor while we are decorating the room.
    常用单词
    lay [le?] v. 放置，铺放
    decorate ['dek?re?t] v. 装饰，点缀
    学学这样说
    1. to decorate a house, you must adjust measures to local conditions.
    装修房子时，必须因地制宜。
    2. i think we should do the floors before we work on the walls.
    我认为装修墙壁之前，我们应该先装修地板。
    3. we should hire a professional to decorate our house.
    我们应该雇一名专业人员来装修房子。
    4. we'll pick out some curtains and paint tomorrow. 明天我们去挑些窗帘和油漆吧。
    5. how about measuring the floor for a new carpet?
    把地板量一量，换上新地毯怎么样？
    02 could you hold the end of this tape?
    你可以拿着卷尺的这一头吗？
    学学这样说
    1. may i help you decorate the room? 我可以帮你装饰房间吗？
    2. i'm taking some measurements for new curtains. 我正在量新窗帘的尺寸。
    3. we can fix up the wood floor, then use some paint for the walls.
    我们可以整修一下木地板，然后粉刷一下墙面。
    4. after the floors are done, we can move our furniture in.
    等地板装修完毕后，我们就可以把家具搬进来了。
    5. susan was occupied with redecorating her house. 苏珊忙于重新装修她的房子。
    补充短语
    fix up 修理，安排
    be occupied with 忙着做，忙于
    应用对话
    julia: could you hold the end of this tape?
    steven: sure. what's this for?
    julia: i'm taking some measurements for new curtains.
    茱莉娅：你可以拿着卷尺的这一头吗？
    史蒂文：好啊。你要干什么？
    茱莉娅：我正在量新窗帘的尺寸。
    03 they are considering a house renovation, but they need to find someone to do the labor.
    他们打算装修房子，但是需要找人做这件事。
    常用单词
    renovation [?ren?'ve??n] n. 翻新，修复
    labor ['le?b?(r)] n. 劳动，努力
    学学这样说
    1. i'll decorate the downstair bedroom first. 我先要装修楼下那间卧室。
    2. he is planning to fix up the front of the shop. 他打算装修一下商店的门面。
    3. make sure to use the fire-resistant materials to renovate your room.
    装修房屋时，务必用防火材料。
    4. we use nails to hold down the carpet. 我们用钉子固定住地毯。
    5. i spent four days decorating my house. 我花了四天时间装修房子。
    6. my bedroom is painted all grey, fully decorated. 我的卧室都刷成了灰白色，装修一新。
    补充短语
    hold down 使固定，压住
    04 it costs a lot of money to decorate the interior of the house.
    房屋的内部装修花了许多钱。
    语法tips
    cost, take, spend和pay的区别：cost和take的主语一般为物，spend和pay的主语往往是人。其常见用法分别为：sth cost (sb) some money；it takes sb some time to do sth；sb spend time/money on sth/in doing sth；pay (sb) (some money) for。
    学学这样说
    1. how much will it cost to decorate the house? 房子装修要花多少钱呢？
    2. we spent nearly 50,000 us dollars in sprucing up the house.
    我们装修房子花了近5万美元。
    3. we plan to decorate the house regardless of cost.
    我们打算不惜成本来装修这栋房子。
    4. we decorated the house on a tight budget.
    我们在预算紧张的情况下装修了房子。
    补充短语
    spruce up 打扮整齐，装修房子
    regardless of 不管，不顾
    05 i certainly had gone to town on the decoration of your house.
    我当然竭尽了全力来装修你的房子。
    解析 ▲ go to town指“以极大的精力或热情做……”，该句也可以说成：i certainly did everything i can on the decoration of your house.
    学学这样说
    1. why don't you let me decorate your sitting room? i am good at decorating.
    你为什么不请我装修你的起居室呢？我很会装修。
    2. they gave the decorator a free hand. 他们让装修师全权负责装修一事。
    3. we are looking for a skilled decorator to get the house up.
    我们正在找一位技术好的室内装修工，把这个房子重新装修一下。
    4. my plans to decorate the house came unstuck when i broke my leg.
    在摔断了一条腿之后，我装修房子的计划泡汤了。
    补充短语
    give sb a free hand 交由某人全权处理
    come unstuck 失败，告吹
    06 though the decoration of my house is very simple, my sitting room is tastefully laid out.
    虽然我房子的装修很简单，但是起居室的布置很有品味。
    语法tips
    though作连词时，相当于although（虽然），只是although更为正式；作副词时，一般放在句末，如：it's hard work, i enjoy it though（工作很辛苦，可我乐意干）.
    常用单词
    simple ['s?mpl] adj. 简单的，单纯的
    tastefully ['te?stf?l?] adv. 有品位地，举止得体地，风流地
    学学这样说
    1. we retained the original kitchen table when we decorated the room.
    我们装修房间时保留了原有的餐桌。
    2. we had to do a lot of painting and the redecoration ourselves.
    我们不得不自己刷漆重新装修一番。
    3. i was surprised at the rich furnishing of his place. 他家的奢华装修让我惊诧不已。
    4. we decorated the room ourselves, so it fits our style.
    这个房间是我们自己装修的，所以很符合我们的风格。
    5. he did the internal and external decoration of the house himself.
    房子的内外都是他自己装修的。
    07 the building has been fully decorated.
    房屋已装修完毕。
    常用单词
    building ['b?ld??] n. 建筑物，楼房，房屋
    fully ['f?l?] adv. 充分地，完全地，彻底地
    学学这样说
    1. the house was empty and so easy to decorate. 房子是空的，装修起来很容易。
    2. it's necessary to decorate the classroom. 有必要装修这间教室。
    3. the bedroom needs doing over. 卧室需要重新装修。
    4. every shop was smartened up before it was open.
    每家商店在开业前都要装修一番。
    补充短语
    do over 重新布置（房间），重做
    smarten up 变得漂亮，变得清醒，使（人或地方）整洁起来
    08 i have to start packing and get ready for move tomorrow.
    我得开始打包行李准备明天搬家了。
    语法tips
    have to和must都有“必须”的意思，其区别在于：have to表示客观需要，而must表示说话人的主观看法。
    学学这样说
    1. we are moving in three months. 我们在三个月内搬家。
    2. we'll move to the city next month. 我们下个月要搬到这个城市来。
    3. i want to move into a better house. 我想搬进好一点的房子里。
    4. we plan to move into our new flat on 1st, march. 我们计划三月一号搬进新居。
    5. i will move into this house at the end of this year. 我会在今年年底搬进这所房子。
    补充短语
    move in 搬进，迁进
    09 my friend jack volunteered to help me move.
    我的朋友杰克自告奋勇要帮我搬家。
    常用单词
    volunteer ['v?l?n't??(r)] v. 自愿，自愿去做
    move [mu:v] v. 搬家，行动，进展
    学学这样说
    1. when are the movers coming? 搬家工人什么时候会来？
    2. i will get john and jack to move house for me. 我会找约翰和杰克来为我搬家。
    3. i am very happy that you can help us move. 很高兴你能来帮我们搬家。
    4. we had better find some movers to help us. 我们最好找些搬家工人帮助我们搬家。
    5. i will call the movers to move house for me.
    我会给搬家工人打电话，让他们来为我搬家。
    随机测验
    would you mind ______ me to move house? a. help b. to help c. helped d. helping
    翻译
    你介意帮我搬一下家吗？
    答案：d
    提示：mind doing为惯用搭配，指“介意做，介意帮”。
    10 can we proceed with moving house?
    我们可以接着搬家了吗？
    语法tips
    proceed with意为“继续做……”，类似的表达还有go on，keep on，continue等。
    常用单词
    proceed [pr?'si:d] v. 继续做，接下来做，前进
    house [ha?s] n. 房屋
    学学这样说
    1. you may move into the house after completing formalities.
    办完手续后，你就可以搬进去。
    2. if you can handle moving formalities, i will follow your instructions.
    如果你能办理搬家手续，我将听你的指示。
    3. it is not so easy for you to handle moving formalities. 办理搬家手续并不容易。
    4. you must show your identification and pay deposits before moving into the flat. 在你搬进这个公寓之前，你必须出示身份证件并缴纳定金。
    11 honestly speaking, most people are reluctant to move.
    老实说，大部分人是不愿意搬家的。
    语法tips
    英语中，表达“实话说，老实说”的用法包括：honestly speaking，to be honest，truth be told, to tell the truth。
    学学这样说
    1. susan hated to give up her friends when she moved away.
    苏珊不希望搬家后失去她的朋友。
    2. mother hated to move from such a nice neighborhood.
    母亲不愿搬家离开这么好的邻居。
    3. we've grown very attached to this house and hate to move.
    我们十分留恋这所房子，舍不得搬家。
    4. i changed my mind about moving, but was unable to buy the house back.
    我改变主意不搬家了，但已无法再买回这幢房子了。
    补充短语
    move away 离开，搬去别处
    grow attached to 开始喜欢上
    12 before long our family moved and had to give the pet away.
    不久后我们搬家了，不得不把宠物送人。
    常用单词
    before [b?'f?:(r)] prep. 在……之前，先于
    pet [pet] n. 宠物，宠儿
    学学这样说
    1. our neighbors sold their household goods before they moved out.
    我们的邻居在搬家前把家居用品卖掉了。
    2. the movers were very careful with the piano. 搬家工人非常小心地移动那架钢琴。
    3. the movers stripped the house of furniture. 搬家工人把房子里的家具全搬走了。
    4. the movers piled the furniture helter-skelter in the living room of the new house. 搬家工人把家具乱七八糟地堆在新房子的起居室里。
    补充短语
    move out 迁出，搬出
    be careful with 小心，照顾
    chip off 切下，削去
    13 my landlord asked me to move out of the apartment.
    我的房东叫我搬出去。
    解析 ▲ ask sb to do sth为固定用法，指“要求某人做某事”。ask还可以与for搭配，构成短语ask for（请求……，要求……）。
    常用单词
    landlord ['l?ndl?:d] n. 房东，地主，店主
    ask [ɑ:sk] v. 询问，要求，需要
    学学这样说
    1. as day approached, we still weren't ready to move.
    日子快到了，我们还没准备好搬家。
    2. we moved a lot when i was young. 在我小的时候，我们经常搬家。
    3. i couldn't pay the rent, so i had to move out. 我付不起房租，所以得搬走。
    4. we just moved house, so i want to buy some sockets.
    我们刚搬家，所以我想买几个插座。
    14 let's consider the pluses and minuses of moving house.
    咱们考虑一下搬家的利弊吧。
    解析 ▲ consider意为“思考，考虑”，与之含义相似的词组为think about。而think over则强调的是“仔细考虑，重新考虑”。
    常用单词
    plus [pl?s] n. 好处；adj. 正的，附加的
    minus ['ma?n?s] n. 不利，减号
    学学这样说
    1. i wonder if a move would be a bad thing for her.
    我想知道搬家对她来说是否是件坏事。
    2. moving house is a vexatious business. 搬家是件麻烦的事情。
    3. there was a lot of fuss on moving day. 搬家那天闹哄哄的。
    15 the security door is so firm that nobody can break in.
    防盗门很结实，没有人能闯进来。
    语法tips
    so...that...与so that的区别：前者so之后跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句，指“如此……以至于”；后者多用于引导目的状语从句，指“以便，以使”，如：i raised my voice so that everybody can hear me.（我提高嗓音以便让每个人都能听到。）
    学学这样说
    1. the room is equipped with a burglar alarm. 这个房间装有防盗警报器。
    2. it won't open because it's a security door. 打不开，因为这是防盗门。
    3. the door which was protected by an iron grate, was a safeguard against burglars. 门上装着铁栅栏，是用于防盗的。
    4. most of the houses in the area have barred windows.
    这个地区大多数人家都安装了防盗窗。
    补充短语
    be equipped with 装备有
    16 to prevent fire, do not cover the ventilation of the apparatus with newspapers, tablecloths, curtains, etc.
    为防止火灾，请勿用报纸、桌布、窗帘等覆盖本装置的通风口。
    解析 ▲ 该句中to prevent fire为不定式结构作目的状语，可以用短语in order to prevent fire进行替换。
    学学这样说
    1. take special precautions to prevent fire. 采取特别措施防火。
    2. keep a fire extinguisher available at all times. 任何时候都要放置可用的灭火器。
    3. fire doors should not be opened at any time. 任何时候都不要将防火门打开。
    4. we had better buy a fire door. 我们最好买个防火门。
    补充短语
    take precautions 戒备，采取预防措施
    spare no efforts 不遗余力，竭力
    17 there is a fire extinguisher on hand in case of a fire.
    万一有火灾，手头就有一个灭火器。
    语法tips
    in case of与in the case of的区别：in case of意为“万一，防备”，in the case of指“至于……，就……来说”，如：in the case of learning a foreign language, you need more practice.（就学外语而言，你需要更多的练习。）
    常用单词
    fire ['fa??(r)] n. 火，火灾
    extinguisher [?k'st??gw???] n. 灭火器
    学学这样说
    1. all furniture is covered in fire-proof fabric. 所有的家具都罩上了防火布。
    2. the roof has been fireproofed. 这个屋顶装有防火设备。
    3. this building made of steel and concrete is fire-proof.
    这栋楼用钢筋水泥建造，是可以防火的。
    4. we packed the papers in a fir-eproof safe. 我们把文件装入防火的保险箱。
    5. we keep a fire extinguisher downstairs in case of fire.
    灭火器就在楼下，如果着火的话可以使用。
    6. we've installed an extinguisher next to the cooker.
    我们已经在炉子旁安了一个灭火器。
    18 i disconnected the tv set before i made adjustments inside it.
    我先拨掉电视插头，再做内部调节。
    常用单词
    disconnect ['d?sk?'nekt] v. 断开，使分离
    adjustment [?'d??stm?nt] n. 调整，调节
    学学这样说
    1. pull the plug before you fix the vacuum cleaner. 修理吸尘器前，先拔掉电源。
    2. turn off the switch after using. 使用后请将电源关闭。
    3. make sure the current is switched off before you leave on holidays.
    你出去度假前一定要把电源关上。
    4. batteries must be kept in dry places lest electricity should leak away.
    电池应放在干燥的地方，以免漏电。
    补充短语
    switch off 关闭，使停止谈话
    leak away 漏出，逐渐失去
    19 make sure the sockets in your house are insulated.
    确保你房子中的插座是防触电的。
    常用单词
    socket ['s?k?t] n. 插座
    insulate ['?nsj?le?t] v. 使绝缘
    语法tips
    英语中“插座”的表达除了socket外，还有plug base，其中plug指“插头”。
    学学这样说
    1. we should install insulated switches. 我们应该安装绝缘开关。
    2. don't touch electrical appliance with wet hand. 不要用湿手触摸电器。
    3. don't wipe the tv with a wet towel. 不要用湿毛巾擦电视机。
    4. you'd better put some insulating tape around the electric wires.
    你最好给电线裹上绝缘胶布。
    20 how long has this faucet been broken?
    水龙头坏了多久了？
    解析 ▲ how long表示“多久”，是对一段时间的询问，因此句子应用完成时态。至于应该用现在完成时还是过去完成时，则应根据具体情况确定。
    学学这样说
    1. the tap is leaking. 水龙头正在漏水。
    2. the tap's stuck, and the sink's plugged again. 水龙头坏了，并且水槽又堵了。
    3. the whole bathroom floor is drenched with water. 整个洗手间的地上都浸满了水。
    4. the plumber fixed that leaking faucet. 管道工修好了那个漏水的水龙头。
    21 when water passes through the faucet, turn off it and check for possible leaks in the system.
    当水从水龙头流出时，关闭水龙头，并检查管道系统是否漏水。
    解析 ▲ pass through指“经过，通过”。check for意为“检查”，原句还可以换为：...turn off it and check if there are leaks in the system.
    学学这样说
    1. cover the tap with a piece of cloth and don't try to screw it or it will get worse.
    用布把水龙头盖着，不要再扭动它，否则情况会变得更糟。
    2. turn on the tap now. 现在打开水龙头。
    3. if water drains out, that means the pipe hasn't been blocked up.
    如果水源源不断地流出，那就说明水管没有被堵塞。
    4. i need to change the washer on the tap. 我需要换水龙头上的垫圈。
    补充短语
    drain out （使）流出，流失
    block up 封闭，堵塞
    22 there is something wrong with the motor.
    电动机出故障了。
    解析 ▲ there is something wrong with为惯用搭配，指“……有毛病，有问题”，而“……没 有问题”则可以用there is nothing wrong with来表达。
    学学这样说
    1. the air-conditioner doesn't work. 空调出故障了。
    2. the monitor has a fault. 监视器出现了故障。
    3. the engine has broken down. 发动机出了故障。
    4. the television has given up the ghost. 电视机坏了。
    5. the microwave doesn't work. 微波炉坏了。
    应用对话
    steven: what seems to be the problem?
    mr. sellers: the television tube has broken.
    史蒂文：什么地方出问题了？
    塞勒斯先生：电视机显像管坏了。
    23 the air-conditioner isn't working because of an electrical fault.
    由于电气方面的故障，这个空调不能用了。
    语法tips
    英语中，表示“由于，因为”的短语除了because of外，还有due to，owing to，thanks to等。
    常用单词
    air-conditioner ['e?rk?n'd???n?r] n. 空调
    electrical [?'lektr?kl] adj. 有关电的
    学学这样说
    1. hot water doesn't function in the dishwasher. 热水在洗碗机内不起作用。
    2. the vacuum cleaner has weak suction. 吸尘器吸力很弱。
    3. when i put a dvd in, the sound is strange and the picture is black and white.
    当我放入dvd后，它就发出怪声，画面就变成了黑白的。
    24 rain water has fused the bulbs.
    雨水导致保险丝烧了，灯泡也不亮了。
    学学这样说
    1. it seems that you've blown a fuse. 看样子你把保险丝烧断了。
    2. heavy wind cut off the wire. 大风刮断了电线。
    3. electricity supply has been cut off at the mains. 电力供应已在电源处截断。
    4. there may be something wrong with your line. 可能是你的线路有问题。
    5. there's a faulty connection in the fuse-box. 保险丝盒里接错了线。
    6. the wiring is faulty and needs to be replaced. 线路出故障了，需要换线。
    7. there must be a break in the circuit. 线路一定断了。
    随机测验
    if wires had met, they _____ all the lights.
    a. would have fused b. had fused c. fused d. will fuse
    翻译
    如果电线短路，它们就会把所有电灯的保险丝都烧断的。
    答案：a
    提示：该句为与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时即had done结构，主句应用would/should/could have done结构。
    25 we've just suffered a power failure.
    我们这里刚刚停电了。
    解析 ▲ power有“能源，能量，电力”之意，power failure意为“电力故障，停电”，“停电”的另一种说法为power cut。
    学学这样说
    1. please locate the electrical fault as soon as possible. 请尽快确定电路故障的位置。
    2. how do i know if the fuse blew out? 我如何知道保险丝烧断了？
    3. then what shall i do? 接下来我要怎样做？
    补充短语
    blow out 烧断，熔断
    26 open it and check if any fuses have blown out.
    打开它，看保险丝有没有烧断。
    常用单词
    check [t?ek] v. 检查，核实
    fuse [fju:z] n. 保险丝，导火线
    学学这样说
    1. it is important to switch off the electricity before attempting to repair the television. 在准备修理电视机之前先切断电源是至关重要的。
    2. unscrew the burnt fuses and replace them with good ones.
    拿下那些烧坏的保险丝，换上好的。
    3. you'll see it's black and has a burnt smell. 烧断的保险丝是黑色的、有烧焦的味道。
    4. he soldered the broken wires together. 他将断了的电线焊接起来。
    补充短语
    replace...with... 用……代替……